GAMELAN

                

 Gamelan is one of many traditional music in indonesia. Gamelan is a musical ensemble that usually includes metalofon, gambang,gendang, and gong. The term gamelan refers to the instrument / tool, which is a unified whole that is realized and pounded together. Gamelan word itself comes from the Javanese word meaning gamel hitting / beating, followed by an ending that makes a noun. Gamelan orchestra mostly located on the island of Java, Madura, Bali and Lombok in Indonesia in various kinds of sizes and shapes ensemble. Javanese Gamelan can actually be divided into two barrel (scales / pitch), yaituSlendro and Pelog. According to Javanese mythology, Gamelan Slendro was older than GamelanPelog. Slendro have 5 (five) tones per octave, namely 1 2 3 4 5 (C- D E + G A) with intervals of different yangsama or if any difference is very small intervals. Pelog have 7 (seven) tones per octave, namely 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (C + D E F # G # A B) with a large interval difference. Gamelan can be played as an accompaniment music performances alone or an event such as puppets, jatilan, tayub etc. :3
     As a show of its own, Gamelan music is usually combined with the voices of the singers (male singers called wiraswaradan female singers called waranggana) .In the Java community, Gamelan music orchestra usually called "Karawitan". Derived from the word "pepper" which means complicated, delicate, small. Why is it called so? Because the play Karawitanmemang not just focus on the sound produced by the instrument, but also must dapatmemahami depth of the meaning of the music being played. Given that semuagendhing created correlates with everyday human life, for example: adaGendhing which refer to the safety, thanksgiving, demand, request, and so forth. By understanding the depth of the player is not required to play the gamelan musical instruments as they please, but always based on the context ada.Inilah why Gamelan plays are often considered "complicated". :3

Javanese Gamelan set usually consists of several musical instruments. The following instruments contained in the device Gamelan:

1.      Kendhang (drums)

Kendhang main function to set the rhythm. The drums sounded by hand, without tools bantu.Jenis small drum called ketipung, the medium is called drums ciblon / kebar. Couple ketipung no one named drums gedhe Kalih commonly called drums. Kalih played drums on the song or the piece of fine character like Ketawang, gendhing kethuk Kalih, and ladrang dadi.Bisa also played fast rhythm on the downbeat kind of launch, ladrang rhythm responsibility. To play drums, it takes people who are very steeped in Javanese culture, and is played with a sense instincts of the players, of course with the existing rules. :3

2.      Demung, Saron, Peking

   

               The tool is shaped keys with six or seven blades (one octave) superimposed on a wooden frame which also serves as resonator.Instrumen mi beaten with a drum made of kayu.Menurut size and function, there are three types of saron: - demung (Largest), - saron (Medium) and, - peking (Smallest). demung
This tool is sized and beroktaf balungan tengah.Demung play the piece in its territory terbatas.Umumnya, the device has one or two gamelan gamelan demung.Tetapi in the palace, which has over two demung.
SARON
This tool is of medium size and beroktaf tinggi.Seperti demung, saron barung play in its territory terbatas.Pada balungan techniques wasp-reward returns, two saron play songs intertwined that a fast tempo. Gamelan has two saron, but there gamelan have more and two saron.
PEKING
Shaped saron the smallest and highest beroktaf.
Saron panerus or peking plays hornet duplicate or quadruplicate balungan songs. :3

3.      Gong

               Gong marks the beginning and ending the piece and gives a sense of balance after the passage of a long sentence gendhing song.
Gong is very important to mark the end of the song group unit basis, so that the group itself (ie sentences track between two wasp gong) is called gong. :3

4.      Bonang

               Bonang is divided into two types, namely bonang barung and bonang panerus. The difference in the large and kecilnyasaja, and also on how to play a tune. Bonang barung large, beroktaf middle to high latitudes, is one of the instruments of leaders in the engineering wasp ansambel.Khususnya shelled, patterns of tone that always anticipates tones that will come can lead song types of other instruments .in gendhing bonang, bonang barung play gendhing opener and guide groove track gendhing.
               In engineering wasp-reward returns, bonang barung not function as a guide track; he formed patterns intertwine with the song bonang panerus, and the important accent accent bonang may make sekaran (songs garnish), usually in a sentence ending song.
               Bonang panerus is bonang small, high beroktaf.
In engineering wasp shelled, rhythm bonang panerus speed in playing a doubling of the bonang barung. Although anticipating tones balungan, bonang panerus not function as a guide track, because of the speed and heights of tone.In engineering wasp-reward returns, cooperate with bonang barung, bonang panerus play patterns intertwined songs. :3

5.      Slenthem

               According to its construction, including family slenthem gender; sometimes even he called Panembung gender. But slenthem have as many blades saron blades;Slenthems beroktaf the lowest in the group saron instruments. As demung and saron barung slenthem balungan played in a limited territory. :3

6.      Kethuk dan Kenong

Kenong is a set of instruments like gong kind horizontal position, is superimposed on the rope tightened on a wooden frame. In giving a structure limits the piece, kenong is the second most important instrument after gong.Kenong gong split into two or four sentences kenong.
               In addition to functioning underlines gendhing structure, tones kenong also associated with the song the piece; he could play the same tone with the tone balungan; he may also precede the next balungan tone for the main lead gendhing song; or he can play ringing tones within one kempyung balungan, to support pathet taste.
               In kenongan fast style, the celebrated ayaka, srepegan, and sampak, wasp kenong guiding groove of the song the piece-the piece.
Kethuk equal to kenong, its function is the same with kenong. Kethuk and kenong always play intertwine, the difference in the rhythm of playing alone. :3

7.      Gender

               The instrument consists of metal blades tensed with a rope over the roof-tube resonator.Gender drum is played with a round (circled layers of cloth) with a short stalk.
In accordance with the function of a song, the tone of the area, and its size, there are two kinds, namely gender
barung gender and gender panerus. :3

8.      Gambang

               Instruments made of slats - framed wooden slats on gerobogan which also serves as a resonator. Bladed seventeen to twenty blades, xylophone region covers two octaves or more. Xylophone percussion played with a round with long stalks usually from horn / sungu.Kebanyakan xylophone plays gembyangan (octave) in the style patterns of songs to the beat steady.
               Xylophone can also play some sort of ornamentation songs and rhythm, like a game of two tones separated by two blades, or a game of two tones separated by six blades, and the pattern of the song with the rhythm - rhythm syncopation. :3

9.      Rebab

               Wire-string instrument with two wires tensed on selajur heart-shaped timber with a body covered with a membrane (thin skin) from cattle chronicle. As one of the leaders instrument, fiddle recognized as a leader in the ensemble songs, especially in the style of hornets softly.
               In most gendhing-gendhing, fiddle plays the opening song gendhing, determines the piece, the barrel, and pathet will dimainkan.Wilayah fiddle tone cover any area of ​​the piece. Then the groove track fiddle gave a clear indication the groove track gendhing.Pada most gendhing, fiddle also provide guidance to the ensemble's musical shift from one section to another. :3

10.  Siter

               Siter is part ricikan gamelan sound source is a string (wire) which is a technique to play it by way of quotation. This type of instrument is in view of the shape and color of the sound there are three kinds, namely siter, siter successor (smaller than the zither), and clempung (larger than the zither). In a musical presentation klenengan or concerts and puppet accompaniment siter function as pangrengga song. :3

11.  Suling

               Other types of gamelan instruments that also serves as pangrengga song is distilled. This instrument made of bamboo or PVC wuluh by the hole as a determinant of the tone or the barrel. At one end is the part that in inflatable attached at the lips by lining called jamangan lid that serves to drain the air, causing the air vibrations that cause noise or sound technique inflatable ring it in this way. In the tradition of musicians, flute there are two types, namely the form that barreled flute Slendro has four holes are almost equidistant, while barreled Pelog with five holes with different distances. There is also a flute with six holes totaling that can be used for barrel Pelog and Slendro. For flute barrel Slendro in musical Jawatimuran if all four holes in the lid and in the inflatable with moderate pressure the resulting tone is barrel lu (3), while the musical Jawatengahan ro prevalent with the barrel (2). :3